What Are the Differences Between TS, TRS and TRRS Audio Connectors & Which One Should You Use?

There are three main types of audio jack connectors: TS (tip-sleeve), TRS (tip-ring-sleeve), and TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve). Here's a quick beginner's guide on audio connectors for mic cables so you can choose the right one for your needs.

At some point, you might need a microphone cable. The three main types of audio connectors are TS (tip-sleeve), TRS (tip-ring-sleeve), and TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve). Here's a quick beginner's guide to help you choose the right audio connector for your mic cable.

TS AUDIO CONNECTOR (TIP-SLEEVE)  

The TS cable is the most basic type of audio connector, commonly used for mono signals. "TS" stands for "tip-sleeve," referring to the two conductors in the jack: the tip, which serves as the inner conductor, and the sleeve, which acts as the outer conductor.

Key Features

- Number of Contacts: 2 (Tip and Sleeve).

- Signal Type: Mono, unbalanced.

- Common Uses:

  - Electric guitar cables.

  - Keyboard instrument outputs.

  - Basic audio patch cables.

Advantages

- Simple design and low cost.

- Ideal for mono audio applications.

Disadvantages

- Susceptible to noise and interference due to unbalanced design.

- Not suitable for stereo or balanced audio signals.

TRS AUDIO CONNECTOR (TIP-RING-SLEEVE)  

The TRS cable is a more versatile option than the TS connector, capable of handling both mono and stereo signals. Its name, "TRS," comes from its three conductors: tip, ring, and sleeve. The tip and ring act as inner conductors, while the sleeve serves as the outer conductor. TRS cables are commonly used for balanced signals to reduce noise and for stereo signals to carry left and right tracks separately. Videographers often use TRS cables to connect on-camera shotgun microphones to their camera's audio input.

Key Features

- Number of Contacts: 3 (Tip, Ring, and Sleeve).

- Signal Type: Stereo (unbalanced) or mono (balanced).

- Common Uses:

  - Stereo headphones.

  - Balanced audio connections in professional equipment.

  - Insert cables for studio gear.

Advantages

- Can transmit stereo signals or balanced mono signals, reducing noise and interference.

- Widely compatible with modern audio devices.

Disadvantages

- Slightly more complex design compared to TS.

- Misuse with incompatible devices can lead to signal issues.

TRRS AUDIO CONNECTOR (TIP-RING-RING-SLEEVE)  

The TRRS cable is the most versatile microphone cable, accommodating mono, stereo, and mic signals. Its name, "TRRS," refers to its four conductors: tip, ring, ring, and sleeve. The tip and two rings are inner conductors, while the sleeve is the outer conductor. TRRS cables support both balanced and unbalanced signals and are commonly used in smartphone headphone jacks. This allows for the transmission of stereo left and right audio signals, as well as a microphone signal for voice. To connect a TRRS headphone output to a camera or audio device, a TRRS-to-TRS adapter is often necessary to ensure proper signal transmission.  

Key Features

- Number of Contacts: 4 (Tip, Ring 1, Ring 2, and Sleeve).

- Signal Type: Stereo audio with microphone or additional functionality.

- Common Uses:

  - Headsets with microphones.

  - Smartphones and tablets.

  - Gaming headsets.

Advantages

- Combines audio and microphone functionality in a single connector.

- Compatible with most modern consumer devices.

Disadvantages

- Not backward compatible with TS or TRS devices without adapters.

- Potential for compatibility issues due to different wiring standards (CTIA vs. OMTP).

Choosing Between TS, TRS, and TRRS Cables  

The best cable for your microphone depends on your needs:  

- For mono signals, such as an electric guitar, a TS cable is sufficient.  

- To connect balanced equipment or transmit stereo signals, opt for a TRS cable.  

- For handling mono, stereo, and mic signals, a TRRS cable is the ideal choice.  

Comparison of TS, TRS, and TRRS Connectors

Conclusion

Selecting the right connector depends on your audio needs and device compatibility. TS connectors are ideal for mono and unbalanced signals, TRS for stereo or balanced audio, and TRRS for devices requiring both audio and microphone functionality. Understanding these differences ensures optimal performance and compatibility for your audio setup.